Which technique is characterized by gentle pushing and kneading of the scalp?

The technique characterized by gentle pushing and kneading of the scalp is known as petrissage. Petrissage involves lifting, squeezing, and kneading the muscles to promote relaxation and improve circulation. This technique is often used in massages, including scalp massages, to ease tension and enhance blood flow to the hair follicles, which can be beneficial for hair health.

In contrast, effleurage typically refers to long, sweeping strokes that are performed to warm up the muscles and create a soothing effect, rather than focusing specifically on kneading or pushing. Friction involves more vigorous, rubbing movements designed to stimulate deeper tissues and is not as gentle as petrissage. Compression is a technique where pressure is applied, but it usually doesn't involve the kneading movements inherent to petrissage, focusing instead on applying static pressure to specific areas. Thus, the characteristics and applications of petrissage make it the correct answer for this question regarding scalp techniques.