What does the term "balayage" refer to in hair coloring?

Balayage refers to a specific hair coloring technique in which color is creatively painted onto the hair to create a soft, natural gradient. The term itself comes from the French word "balaer," which means "to sweep." This method allows for a sun-kissed, multi-dimensional look as the color is applied in a way that mimics the natural highlights that occur in the hair. The application can vary in saturation and placement, allowing for a customized finish that complements the individual's features and style.

In contrast, methods such as highlighting with foil involve wrapping sections of hair in foil to achieve a more defined and uniform lightening effect, which is not the principle behind balayage. Similarly, straightening techniques aim to alter the texture of the hair rather than change its color, and permanent hair dye refers to a type of color that alters hair on a more permanent basis without the artistic application approach that balayage embodies.